Physiological Characteristics of Early Spring Flowering Plants under Northeast Forest

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.04.015

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the flowering strategies of early spring flowering plants at low temperatures， five early spring flowering plants and five non-early spring flowering plants were collected，and the endogenous hormones and secondary metabolites between early spring flowering plants and non-early spring flowering plants were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and metabolomics. The results showed that the content of auxin（IAA） and zeatin（ZT） in early spring flowering plants were significantly lower than that in non-early spring flowering plants， while gibberellin（GA₃） and abscisic acid（ABA） were significantly higher than that in non-early spring flowering plants， indicated that GA₃ and ABA might play a regulatory role in promoting the flowering process of early spring plants. In the secondary metabolites， L-phenylalanine， the precursor of phenolic metabolites， was usually higher in non-early spring flowering plants than in early spring flowering plants. In addition， there were C6C1 phenolic compounds， including vanillic acid， syringic acid and protocatechuic acid； C6C3 phenolic compounds， including ferulic acid， chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid； Flavonoids， including apigenin， genistein， hesperidin， chrysin and galangin， were generally higher in non-early spring flowering plants than in early spring flowering plants. The changes of these secondary metabolites might be due to a large amount of material loss caused by the flowering process of flowering plants in early spring， which reduced the level of secondary metabolism. The results showed that endogenous plant hormones and secondary metabolites regulated the physiological process of flowering plants in early spring， and laid a foundation for further understanding the flowering process of plants under low temperatures.

Key words: early spring flowering plants, endogenous hormones, metabolomics, phenolic metabolites

CLC Number:

Q946.885

Liben PAN, Xue YAN, Jia LIU, Kexin WU, Yang LIU, Shaochong LIU. Physiological Characteristics of Early Spring Flowering Plants under Northeast Forest[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2022, 42(4): 657-666.

Figures/Tables 6

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Table 1

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化合物 Compounds	保留时间 Retention time /min	质荷比 m/z	分子式 Molecular formula	碳骨架 Carbon skeleton	化合物 Compounds	保留时间 Retention time /min	质荷比 m/z	分子式 Molecular formula	碳骨架 Carbon skeleton
对羟基肉桂酸 P-hydroxycinnamic acid	4.26	164/146	C₉H₈O₃	C6C3	柚皮苷 Naringin	4.93	581/272	C₉H₁₁NO₂	C6C3C6
苯甲酸 Benzoic acid	5.69	123/78	C₇H₆O₂	C6C1	山奈酚 Kaempferol	7.94	287/152.9	C₂₇H₃₂O₁₄	C6C3C6
龙胆酸 2，5-dihydroxybenzoic acid	3.06	154/136	C₇H₆O₄	C6C1	甘草素 Liquiritigenin	6.58	257/136	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	C6C3C6
染料木素 Genistein	7.78	271/152	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	C6C3C6	高良姜素 Galangin	7.68	270/152	C₁₅H₁₂O₄	C6C3C6
芹菜素 Apigenin	7.79	271/91	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	C6C3C6	原儿茶酸 Protocatechuic acid	2.24	154/65	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	C6C1
大豆苷元 Daidzein	6.31	255/180	C₁₅H₁₀O₄	C6C3C6	芦丁 Rutin	3.99	611/302	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₆	C6C3C6
丁香酸 Syringic acid	3.31	199/140	C₉H₁₀O₅	C6C1	异甘草素 Isoliquiritigenin	8.69	257/146	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₆	C6C3C6
柚皮素 Naringenin	7.83	273/152	C₁₅H₁₂O₅	C6C3C6	香草酸 Vanillic acid	3.24	169/92	C₁₅H₁₂O₄	C6C1
槲皮素 Quercetin	4.89	449/303	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁	C6C3C6	染料木苷 Genistin	4.47	432.9/271	C₈H₈O₄	C6C3C6
绿原酸 Chlorogenic acid	2.58	355/162	C₁₆H₁₈O₉	C6C3	白杨素 Chrysin	6.25	255/153	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₀	C6C3C6
阿魏酸 Ferulic acid	4.53	195/176	C₁₀H₁₀O₄	C6C3	紫云英苷 Astragalin	4.75	449.1/287.1	C₁₅H₁₀O₄	C6C3C6
木犀草素 Luteolin	6.68	287.1/152.5	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	C6C3C6	花旗松素 Taxifolin	4.72	305/231	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₁	C6C3C6
肉桂酸 Cinnamic acid	7.41	148/103	C₁₅H₁₄O₆	C6C3	迷迭香酸 Rosmarinic acid	5.32	361/163	C₁₅H₁₂O₇	C6C3
橙皮素 Hesperetin	8.14	303/177	C₉H₈O₂	C6C3C6	异槲皮苷 Isoquercitrin	4.26	465.1/303	C₁₈H₁₆O₈	C6C3C6
咖啡酸 Caffeic acid	3.25	181/163	C₁₆H₁₄O₆	C6C3	芥子酸 Sinapic acid	4.40	225/207	C₂₁H₂₀O₁₂	C6C3
L-苯丙氨酸 L-phenylalanine	1.69	166/92	C₉H₈O₄

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