Cytological Features of Gametophyte Development and Zygotic Formation in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don(Compositae)

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2019.01.004

Abstract

Abstract: Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don(Compositae) is a crucial plant source of Chinese traditional medicine with antibacterial properties. To obtain basic knowledge for an insight into its cytology mechanism and further practical breeding application in this species, we focus on characterizing progress on gametophyte developments and zygote formation in this paper. Based on a chronological description of the male gametic development, two dimorphic sperm cells release from their separate position in the male germ unit. Moreover, mature embryo sac exhibits an ovoid to pyriform shape locating at wider micropylar extreme, by following the monosporic pattern on development of embryo sac in the current species. It is therefore reasonable to deduce that the origin of apico-basal polarity of zygotic embryo may be related to an unevenly spaced distribution of cytoplasm in zygotic embryo which results from fertilization between the dimorphic sperm cells and the polar ovule. As the distinguishable characteristics, these morphological features will be usefulness for the taxonomy studies in other Compositae species, including dimorphic sperm cells, polar embryo sac and zygotic polarity.

Key words: Senecio scandens, gametophyte, double fertilization, zygote

CLC Number:

S567.1+9

XIE Xin, QIAN Qiu-Bo-Yan, WANG Lei, WANG Qian-Xing, PING Jun-Jiao, HE Li-Fang, QIAN Gang. Cytological Features of Gametophyte Development and Zygotic Formation in Senecio scandens Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don(Compositae)[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(1): 27-34.

References

1. Carmichael J S,Friedman W E. Double fertilization in gnetum gnemon:the relationship between the cell cycle and sexual reproduction[J]. The Plant Cell,1995,7(12):1975-1988.
2. Friedman W E. Evolving words and the egg-bearing tubes of Welwitschia(Welwitschiaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany,2015,102(2):176-179.
3. González-Gutiérrez A G,Rodríguez-Garay B. Embryogenesis in Polianthes tuberosa L.:from megasporogenesis to early embryo development[J]. Springerplus,2016,5:1804.
4. Higashiyama T. The synergid cell:attractor and acceptor of the pollen tube for double fertilization[J]. Journal of Plant Research,2002,115(2):149-160.
5. Weterings K,Russell S D. Experimental analysis of the fertilization process[J]. Plant Cell,2004,16 Suppl:S107-S118.
6. Dumas C,Rogowsky P. Fertilization and early seed formation[J]. Comptes Rendus Biologies,2008,331(10):715-725.
7. Faure J E,Dumas C. Fertilization in flowering plants. New approaches for an old story[J]. Plant Physiology,2001,125(1):102-104.
8. Qian G,Ping J J,Lu J,et al. Construction of full-length cDNA library and development of EST-derived simple sequence repeat(EST-SSR) markers in Senecio scandens[J]. Biochemical Genetics,2014,52(11-12):494-508.
9. Capron A,Chatfield S,Provart N,et al. Embryogenesis:pattern formation from a single cell.[J]. Arabidopsis Book,2009,7:e0126.
10. Friedman W E,Carmichael J S. Heterochrony and developmental innovation:evolution of female gametophyte ontogeny in Gnetum,a highly apomorphic seed plant[J]. Evolution,1998,52(4):1016-1030.
11. Friedman W E. Development and evolution of the female gametophyte and fertilization process in Welwitschia mirabilis(Welwitschiaceae)[J]. American Journal of Botany,2015,102(2):312-324.
12. Shapiro E,Baneyx F. Stress-based identification and classification of antibacterial agents:second-generation Escherichia coli reporter strains and optimization of detection[J]. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy,2002,46(8):2490-2497.
13. Stelly D M,Peloquin S J,Palmer R G,et al. Mayer's hemalum-methyl salicylate:a stain-clearing technique for observations within whole ovules[J]. Stain Technology,1984,59(3):155-161.
14. Steer M W. The study of plant structure:principles and selected methods(Book)[J]. Plant,Cell & Environment,2010,5(4):258-259.
15. Barrell P J,Grossniklaus U. Confocal microscopy of whole ovules for analysis of reproductive development:the elongate1 mutant affects meiosis Ⅱ[J]. The Plant Journal,2005,43(2):309-320.
16. Dresselhaus T,Sprunck S,Wessel G M. Fertilization mechanisms in flowering plants[J]. Current Biology,2016,26(3):R125-R139.
17. Kliwer I,Dresselhaus T. Establishment of the male germline and sperm cell movement during pollen germination and tube growth in maize[J]. Plant Signaling & Behavior,2010,5(7):885-889.
18. Berger F,Hamamura Y,Ingouff M,et al. Double fertilization-caught in the act[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2008,13(8):437-443.
19. Hamamura Y,Saito C,Awai C,et al. Live-cell imaging reveals the dynamics of two sperm cells during double fertilization in Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Current Biology,2011,21(6):497-502.
20. Dresselhaus T,Franklin-Tong N. Male-female crosstalk during pollen germination,tube growth and guidance,and double fertilization[J]. Molecular Plant,2013,6(4):1018-1036.
21. Saito C,Nagata N,Sakai A,et al. Angiosperm species that produce sperm cell pairs or generative cells with polarized distribution of DNA-containing organelles[J]. Sexual Plant Reproduction,2002,15(4):167-178.
22. Faure J E,Rusche M L,Thomas A,et al. Double fertilization in maize:the two male gametes from a pollen grain have the ability to fuse with egg cells[J]. The Plant Journal,2003,33(6):1051-1062.
23. Chaudhury A M,Berger F. Maternal control of seed development[J]. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology,2001,12(5):381-386.
24. Schulz R,Jensen W A. Capsella embryogenesis:the egg,zygote,and young embryo[J]. American Journal of Botany,1968,55(7):807-819.
25. Mogensen H L,Suthar H K. Ultrastructure of the egg apparatus of Nicotiana tabacum(Solanaceae) before and after fertilization[J]. Botanical Gazette,1979,140(2):168-179.
26. Mansfield S G,Briarty L G. Early embryogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Ⅱ. The developing embryo[J]. Canadian Journal of Botany,1991,69(3):461-476.
27. Schwartz B,Yeung C,Meinke W. Disruption of morphogenesis and transformation of the suspensor in abnormal suspensor mutants of Arabidopsis[J]. Development,1994,120(11):3235-3245.
28. Devic M. The importance of being essential:EMBRYO-DEFECTIVE genes in Arabidopsis[J]. Comptes Rendus Biologies,2008,331(10):726-736.

[1]	Xuan WANG, Zhi-Xiong LIU. Megasporogenesis and Microsporogenesis and Development of Female and Male Gametophytes in Mutants lpls with Long Pistil and Long Stamen from Fagopyrum esculentum Moench [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(6): 921-927.
[2]	Hui-Ai SHI, Fa-Ju CHEN, Hong-Wei LIANG, Yu-Bing WANG. Sporogenesis and Gametogenesis on Endangered Dayaoshania cotinifolia [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(3): 329-335.
[3]	LU Xue-Jia, LIU Fang-Yan, GAO Cheng-Jie, LI Kun. Megaspores and Development of Female Gametophyte in Dodonaea viscosa [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(5): 692-698.
[4]	XIONG Hai-Yan, LIU Zhi-Xiong. Mega-and Microsporogenesis and Development of Female and Male Gametophytes in Michelia maudiae Dunn [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2018, 38(2): 212-217.
[5]	CHEN Si-Qi, JIAN Jin-Jing, ZHANG Yan, DAI Xi-Ling. Development of Gametophyte and Young Sporophyte of the Fern Aleuritopteris argentea [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2017, 37(1): 8-14.
[6]	ZHENG Bao-Jiang, ZHANG Yi-Fan, WANG Mei-Juan, WANG Hai-Zhu, XU Qi-Jiang. Megasporogenesis, Microsporogensis,and Male and Female Gametophyte Development of Ribes mandshuricum [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(5): 676-682.
[7]	LI Yi-Chen, QI Jing, ZHENG Shu-Yi, ZHANG Jian-Feng, DAI Xi-Ling. Gametophyte Development of Three Species of Dryopteridaceae [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2016, 36(3): 334-340.
[8]	ZHANG Bo；LI Li-Ping；MAO Wei-Bing；WANG Chang-Lan；CHEN Fa-Ju. Development of Male and Female Gametophytes between Fertile Line and Male Sterile Line’s Flowers of Catalpa bungei* C.A.Meyer. [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(6): 812-818.
[9]	WANG Sheng；LIU En-De；XIA Yi；DAI Xi-Ling*. Effects of Pb²⁺ on Spore Germination and Gametophyte Development of Three Species of Fern [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(4): 499-503.
[10]	YANG Liu-Yan1,2；WANG Yu-Bing3；ZHANG Yong-Chun1,2；SUN Yi1,2. Sporogenesis and Gametogenesis of Calla Lily(Zantedeschia hybrids*) [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2015, 35(4): 504-508.
[11]	DAI Xi-Ling;SHEN Zhuo-Yan;WANG Jia;YE Wen-Ting. Comparative Studies on Gametophyte Morphology and Development of Four Species of Athyriaceae [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(3): 317-321.
[12]	GUO Yan-Dong;CAO Jian-Guo;DAI Xi-Ling;WANG Quan-Xi. Gametophyte Development and Apogamy of the Fern Cheilosoria chusana* [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(3): 322-327.
[13]	GUO Yan-Dong;CAO Jian-Guo;Li Xin-Guo;WANG Quan-Xi. Development of Gametophyte and Oogenesis of the Fern Lygodium japonicum* [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2014, 34(2): 164-169.
[14]	SONG Pei-Lan;ZHOU Shi-Yun;CAO Jian-Guo;DAI Xi-Ling. Primary Study on Antheridiogen System of Dryopteris uniformis* [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2013, 33(4): 448-453.
[15]	WEI Yuan;SHEN Guang-Shuang;LIU Jing;HE Zhen-Zhen;SHI Fu-Chen;LI Hou-Hun. Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Flueggea suffruticosa*(Pall.) Baill. [J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2013, 33(3): 260-265.