Abstract: Pollen morphology of 46 species and 3 varieties representing the genera i.e. Polygonum, Antenoron, Fagopyrum, Rheum, Rumex, Homalocladium was examined in the light microscope (LM) and with the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Pollen grains of Polygonaceae in Anhui Province are spheroidal or subspheroidal, prolate or subprolate; 3-colpate, 12-pantocolpate, 30-colporate, 3-colporate, 4-colporate, 9-pantocolporate, 20-30-pantoporate. The ornamentation of exine is finely or coarsely reticulate, rugulate, granulate-perforate, punctate, microechinate-perforate-smooth, granulate-perforate-smooth, granulate-foveolate, prominently sunken punctate, prominently punctate-striate, densely covered granulate. Based on the characteristics, seventeen pollen types in the family Polygonaceae of Anhui province are recognized and described, i.e. Cephalophilon-type, Tovara-type, Amphibium-type, Persicaria-type, Macranthum-type, Bistorta-type, Avicularia-type, Plebeium-type, Convolvulus-type, Tiniaria-type, Cuspidatum-type, Fagopyrum-type, Sibiricum-type, Rheum-type, Acetosa-type, Aquaticus-type, Homalocladium-type, among which, four new pollen types are proposed, i.e. Macranthum-type, Plebeium-type, Cuspidatum-type, Homalocladium. A key to the types is provided. According to the pollen types ,the authors disagree with wang Jian-Xing's treatment which divided the four species, i.e. Polygonum multiflorum, P. cuspidatum, P. convolvulus, P. dentato-alatum into two sections, and consider the division of the four species into three sections.

Key words: Pollen morphology, Polygonaceae