Abstract: By the light and scanning electron microscope, the anatomical characteristics of the root, the rhizome, the stem, the seed and the leaf between Adenophora lobophylla Hong.endangered species, and A.potaninii, Korsh.extentive species, have been observed and compared.The results show that two species have obvious difference in anatomical characteristics of the leaf and the stem.The anatomical characteristics demonstrate that A.potaninii has stronger adaption to dry river valley, while A.lobophylla has the poorer ability to adapt the locative environment.

Key words: Adenophora lobophylla, A.potaninii, Anatomical characteritics, Endangered species, Ecological adaption