Effects of Nutrient Supply on Growth Dynamics and Nutrient Allocation of Poplars

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.007

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different nutrient additions on the growth and nutrient content of Populus euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis， Populus simonii × Populus nigra and Populus ussuriensis， and to reveal the nutrient demand and utilization rules of poplar， and to provide a reference for nursery cultivation of poplar seedlings， P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis， Populus simonii × Populus nigra and Populus ussuriensis were used as materials， 3 factors（N： nitrogen， P： phosphorus， K： potassium） and 3 levels（N： 1.5， 3， 6g； P： 0.75， 1.5， 3g； K： 0.5， 1， 2g， for per plant respectively.） L₉（3⁴） orthogonal experimental design were uesd， plants with no fertilization as control， and the effects of different nutrient supply levels on the growth dynamics and nutrient distribution of different poplars were studied respectively. The results showed that：①Different nutrient supply had significant effects on the growth of seedling height and ground diameter of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis， Populus simonii × Populus nigra and Populus ussuriensis from the middle of July. The height and base diameter growth index of three tree species was the highest at NPK 1 level respectively. The biomass of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis was the highest when N， P and K was selected at 3， 1 and 2 level respectively. The biomass of Populus simonii × Populus nigra was the highest when N， P and K level was 2， 1， 1， respectively. The biomass of Populus ussuriensis was the highest when N， P and K level was 1， respectively. The effects of N， P and K on the growth indexes of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis and Populus simonii × Populus nigra was N>P and K， while the effects of N， P and K on the growth indexes of Populus ussuriensis was K>N and P. ②The accumulation of nitrogen， phosphorus and potassium in roots， stems and leaves of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis， Populus simonii × Populus nigra and Populus ussuriensis was N>P， K. The accumulation of nitrogen in each organ of the 3 varieties was greater than that of phosphorus and potassium. Among the 3 poplar varieties， the accumulation of 3 kinds of nutrients in each organ was significantly different. The distribution ratio of total nitrogen accumulation in 3 varieties was stem>leaf>root. The distribution ratio of phosphorus accumulation of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis and Populus simonii × Populus nigra was stem>leaf>root. The order of Populus ussuriensis was leaf>stem>root. The distribution of potassium accumulation of P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis and Populus ussuriensis was leaf>stem>root. The distribution of potassium accumulation of Populus simonii × Populus nigra was higher than that of stem>leaf>root. ③Through the comprehensive analysis of each index， it was concluded that the optimal fertilization scheme of Populus ussuriensis， P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis and Populus simonii × Populus nigra was N₁P₁K₁， that was， N 1.5 g， P 0.75 g， K 0.5 g， for per plant respectively.

Key words: seedling height, base diameter, biomass, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium

CLC Number:

S792.11

Guo-Yu SUN, Xiao-Yu MA, Jia-Xin YI, Fang-Ping ZHANG, Chun-Hua ZHANG, Kai-Long LI. Effects of Nutrient Supply on Growth Dynamics and Nutrient Allocation of Poplars[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(5): 690-699.

Figures/Tables 8

Table 1

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Table 2

Effects of different nutrient supply on seedling height，base diameter and biomass of P. euramericana“N3016”× P. ussuriensis，P. simonii × P. nigra，P. ussuriensis

树种 Tree species	处理组 Treatment group	苗高 Seedling height （cm）	地径 Base diameter （mm）	根生物量 Biomass of root（g）	茎生物量 Biomass of stem（g）	叶生物量 Biomass of leaf（g）	全株生物量 Biomass of whole plant（g）
黑青杨 P.euramericana“N3016”× P. ussuriensis	CK	77.0±29.6b	3.8±0.9b	1.2±0.1c	6.7±0.3c	4. 0±0.2c	11.9±0.6b
	N₁	115.7±24.4a	4.9±1.2a	1.9±0.7b	18.5±1.4b	4.9±0.6b	25.4±2.2a
	N₂	114.1±26.9a	5.4±1.0a	2.6±0.5a	19.8±6.4b	7.5±2.8a	29.9±9.4a
	N₃	117.3±32.3a	4.8±1.0a	2.5±0.3a	21.3±5.4a	8.2±2.0a	32.0±7.5a
	极差Range	40.3	1.6	1.4	14.6	4.2	20.1
	CK	77.0±29.6b	3.8±0.9b	1.2±0.1c	6.7±0.3c	4.0±0.2d	11.9±0.6c
	P₁	118.9±26.4a	5.2±1.1a	2.8±0.2a	24.1±3.5a	8.1±2.5a	35.0±5.9a
	P₂	115.9±26.5a	4.7±1.2a	2.2±0.6b	18.0±2.9b	7.0±2.0b	27.2±4.8b
	P₃	112.3±29.9a	5.1±0.9a	2.0±0.5b	17.5±5.1b	5.5±2.1c	25.0±7.4b
	极差Range	41.9	1.4	1.6	17.4	4.1	23.1
	CK	77.0±29.6b	3.8±0.9b	1.2±0.1b	6.7±0.3d	4.0±0.2c	11.9±0.6c
	K₁	118.9±23.5a	5.4±1.2a	2.3±0.4a	15.3±3.4c	4.9±1.0b	22.5±4.1b
	K₂	125.9±30.8a	5.0±1.1a	2.3±0.6a	23.1±3.3a	7.6±1.7a	33.0±5.5a
	K₃	102.3±22.5a	4.7±0.7ab	2.4±0.7a	21.2±4.0b	8.2±2.9a	31.7±7.3a
	极差Range	48.9	1.6	1.2	16.4	4.2	21.1
小黑杨 P. simonii ×P. nigra	CK	82.8±15.0b	4.1±1.5b	2.3±0..1b	9.6±0.3c	4.5±0.1c	16.4±0.5c
	N₁	112.0±26.4a	4.9±1.0ab	2.6±0.7b	16.9±2.3b	5.6±0.8b	25.1±3.1b
	N₂	106.2±18.9a	5.3±1.4a	4.1±0.4a	24.2±5.8a	6.9±0.3a	35.2±6.4a
	N₃	101.5±20.0ab	4.0±0.7b	2.4±1.2b	17.8±4.2b	5.5±0.5b	25.7±5.5b
	极差Range	29.2	1.3	1.8	14.6	2.4	18.8
	CK	82.8±15.0b	4.1±1.5a	2.3±0.1b	9.6±0.3b	4.5±0.1b	16.4±0.5b
	P₁	109.9±23.2a	4.5±1.0a	3.4±0.2a	17.7±2.3a	6.3±0.3a	27.4±2.7a
	P₂	107.9±19.6a	4.8±1.3a	2.8±1.6ab	21.4±8.3a	6.1±0.9a	30.3±10.8a
	P₃	100.6±23.7ab	4.8±1.3a	3.0±1.1ab	19.7±3.0a	5.6±1.1ab	28.3±4.8a
	极差Range	27.1	0.7	1.1	11.8	1.8	13.9
	CK	82.8±15.0b	4.1±1.5a	2.3±0.1a	9.6±0.3c	4.5±0.1b	16.4±0.5b
	K₁	107.0±23.5a	5.0±1.3a	2.7±1.5a	16.3±3.7b	6.0±0.9a	25.1±5.8a
	K₂	116.4±19.0a	4.5±0.9a	3.3±0.3a	20.6±1.5a	6.1±0.5a	30.0±1.4a
	K₃	96.4±19.9ab	4.6±1.4a	3.2±1.3a	21.9±7.5a	5.9±1.2a	31.0±9.7a
	极差Range	33.6	0.9	1.0	12.3	1.6	14.6
大青杨 P. ussuriensis	CK	78.4±30.0b	3.2±0.8b	1.5±0.4c	6.6±0.3c	3.8±0.4c	11.8±0.5b
	N₁	131.7±33.3a	5.1±1.4a	4.4±1.9a	27.7±7.3a	12.2±3.9a	44.2±12.4a
	N₂	132.3±27.6a	5.2±1.0a	4.4±2.0a	26.5±2.5ab	9.8±0.7a	40.6±4.5a
	N₃	121.7±33.1a	4.5±0.9a	3.7±0.9b	24.9±3.7ab	11.7±.2.2ab	40.2±6.2a
	极差Range	53.9	2.0	2.9	21.1	8.4	32.4
	CK	78.4±30.0b	3.2±0.8b	1.5±0.4c	6.6±0.3b	3.8±0.4c	11.8±0.5b
	P₁	131.7±32.6a	4.8±1.3a	4.7±1.7a	26.8±3.9a	12.2±2.6a	43.7±8.0a
	P₂	132.3±31.1a	5.3±1.1a	3.3±0.7a	27.1±5.6a	10.8±2.5b	41.1±8.3a
	P₃	121.7±30.8a	4.7±0.9a	4.3±2.0ab	25.2±5.3a	10.6±3.0b	40.1±9.2a
	极差Range	53.9	2.1	3.2	20.5	8.4	31.9
	CK	78.4±30.0b	3.2±0.8b	1.5±0.4c	6.6±0.3b	3.8±0.4c	11.8±0.5b
	K₁	117.1±36.3a	5.1±1.1a	5.4±2.1a	26.9±5.0a	11.8±2.8a	44.1±9.2a
	K₂	136.2±28.8a	5.0±1.2a	3.5±0.6b	28.7±4.4a	12.4±2.4a	44.6±7.0a
	K₃	132.1±26.0a	4.7±1.1a	3.4±1.1b	23.5±4.2a	9.4±2.1b	36.3±6.5a
	极差Range	57.8	1.9	3.5	22.1	8.6	32.8

Table 2

Table 3

Effects of different nutrient supply on nutrient accumulation and distribution in roots and leaves of P. euramericana“N3016”× P. ussuriensis，P. simonii × P. nigra，P. ussuriensis

树种 Tree species	处理组 Treatment group	根Root		茎Stem		叶Leaf		N/P/K生物量收获指数 Biomass harvest index（%）	N/P/K收获指数 Nutrient harvest index（%）	苗木质量指数 Seedling quality index
树种 Tree species	处理组 Treatment group	N/P/K积累量 N/P/K accumulation （mg）	N/P/K分配率 N/P/K distribution rate （%）	N/P/K积累量 N/P/K accumulation （mg）	N/P/K分配率 N/P/K distribution rate （%）	N/P/K积累量 N/P/K accumulation （mg）	N/P/K分配率 N/P/K distribution rate （%）	N/P/K生物量收获指数 Biomass harvest index（%）	N/P/K收获指数 Nutrient harvest index（%）	苗木质量指数 Seedling quality index
黑青杨 P. euramericana “N3016” × P. ussuriensis	Ck	7.5b	12.2	24.3c	39.3	30.0c	48.4	—	—	0.6b
	N₁	10.6b	7.3	76.5b	51.0	61.7bc	41.7	2.8a	9.9a	0.9a
	N₂	20.6a	9.5	101.5ab	43.4	123.2a	47.1	1.7b	8.2b	1.2a
	N₃	19.9a	8.6	123.9a	51.0	98.2ab	40.3	0.9c	4.0c	1.2a
	极差Range	13.1	—	99.6	—	93.2	—	1.9	5.9	0.6
	CK	4.7b	15.3	16.3b	53.6	9.5b	31.1	—	—	0.6c
	P₁	8.6a	10.9	45.4a	56.0	26.7a	33.2	7.8a	10.8a	1.3a
	P₂	9.7a	12.1	40.5a	51.8	29.5a	36.1	3.0b	5.3b	1.1b
	P₃	9.8a	14.2	39.6a	54.6	22.6a	31.2	1.4c	2.4c	0.9bc
	极差Range	5.1	—	29.1	—	20.0	—	6.4	8.4	0.4
	CK	0.9b	5.2	3.4c	20.7	12.4b	74.1	—	—	0.6c
	K₁	2.4a	8.0	10.5b	34.0	18.1b	57.9	7.5a	6.2a	0.9bc
	K₂	2.8a	5.5	16.6a	32.9	30.9a	61.7	5.5b	5.0b	1.1ab
	K₃	3.4a	5.5	19.2a	32.7	37.5a	61.7	2.6c	3.0c	1.3a
	极差Range	2.5	—	15.8	—	25.1	—	4.9	3.2	0.7
小黑杨 P. simonii × P. nigra	Ck	8.1c	12.3	27.9c	42.5	29.2c	45.3	—	—	0.8b
	N₁	11.1bc	11.1	45.9bc	46.0	42.2b	42.9	2.8a	6.6a	1.0b
	N₂	27.6a	14.8	109.0a	53.4	60.2a	31.8	2.0b	6.6a	1.5a
	N₃	17.8b	11.5	80.2ab	55.6	44.9b	32.9	0.7c	2.4b	0.9b
	极差Range	19.5	—	81.1	—	31	—	2.1	4.2	0.7
	CK	6.8b	23.4	10.1c	34.7	12.2b	41.9	—	—	0.8a
	P₁	12.3ab	20.1	30.5b	49.7	18.7bc	30.1	6.1a	8.2a	1.1a
	P₂	12.8ab	14.5	45.9a	59.3	20.4a	26.2	3.4b	5.2b	1.1a
	P₃	14.3a	18.2	39.2ab	51.0	23.5a	30.8	1.6c	2.6c	1.2a
	极差Range	7.5	—	5.8	—	11.3	—	4.5	5.6	0.4
	CK	2.3b	10.0	8.2c	36.0	12.3b	53.9	—	—	0.8b
	K₁	3.2ab	6.8	19.9b	43.9	21.8a	49.3	8.4a	9.0a	1.0ab
	K₂	3.6ab	7.6	24.4ab	51.4	19.4a	40.9	5.0b	4.7b	1.1ab
	K₃	4.5a	7.5	31.7a	52.6	22.7a	39.9	2.6c	3.0c	1.2a
	极差Range	2.2	—	16.2	—	10.4	—	5.8	6.0	0.4
大青杨 P. ussuriensis	Ck	3.5b	12.5	14.3b	49.1	11.5b	38.4	—	—	0.6b
	N₁	16.5a	10.5	84.0a	54.5	51.6a	35.0	4.9a	10.2a	1.7a
	N₂	21.5a	10.8	86.3a	44.2	84.5a	45.0	2.3b	6.4b	1.5a
	N₃	20.2a	10.5	101.0a	50.9	85.8a	38.6	1.1a	3.5c	1.5a
	极差Range	18.0	—	86.7	—	74.3	—	3.8	6.7	0.2
	CK	3.8c	13.7	8.2b	29.8	15.9b	56.6	—	—	0.6b
	P₁	9.8b	11.9	33.9a	41.1	39.4a	47.1	9.7a	17.0a	1.8a
	P₂	10.1a	11.6	40.0a	45.2	37.5a	43.2	4.6b	8.0b	1.4a
	P₃	16.1a	16.6	38.1a	38.4	45.2a	45.0	2.2c	3.9c	1.5a
	极差Range	12.3	—	31.8	—	29.3	—	7.5	13.1	0.3
	CK	1.1b	6.6	4.1b	24.4	11.7b	69.0	—	—	0.6c
	K₁	5.9a	6.7	28.5a	33.5	50.3a	59.8	14.7a	17.0a	1.9a
	K₂	4.0a	5.0	29.0a	36.2	47.5a	58.8	7.4b	8.0b	1.5b
	K₃	5.1a	6.5	31.2a	40.5	41.2a	53.0	3.0c	3.9c	1.3b
	极差Range	4.8	—	27.1	—	38.6	—	11.7	13.1	0.6

Table 3

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编号 No.	N （g·株^-1）	P （g·株^-1）	K （g·株^-1）	尿素（g·株^-1） Urea	磷酸二铵（g·株^-1） Diammonium phosphate	硫酸钾（g·株^-1） Potassium Sulfate
1	1.5	0.75	0. 5	2.63	1.63	1.00
2	1.5	1.50	1.0	1.98	3.26	2.00
3	1.5	3.00	2.0	0.72	6.52	4.00
4	3.0	0.75	1.0	5.89	1.63	2.00
5	3.0	1.50	2.0	5.24	3.26	4.00
6	3.0	3.00	0.5	3.98	6.52	1.00
7	6.0	0.75	2.0	12.41	1.63	4.00
8	6.0	1.50	0.5	11.76	3.26	1.00
9	6.0	3.00	1.0	10.50	6.52	2.00
10（CK）	0	0	0	0	0	0

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