Nutritional Effect and Rhythm of Spring and Summer Flowering in Magnolia soulangeana‘Changchun’

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2019.02.004

Abstract

Abstract: In order to systematically master the phenological rhythm of spring and summer flowering, and discuss its relationship with nutrients in Magnolia soulangeana ‘Changchun’, a six-year-old M.soulangeana ‘Changchun’ tree was taken as material, the annual growth and developmental rhythm, phenological characteristic of spring and summer flowering were observed, and the changes of nutrient content in the stem were tested. The results were: (1)The dormant period of M.soulangeana ‘Changchun’ was from December of this year to late February of the next year, and then its flower buds began to burst in the late February. The spring flowering lasted for 20 days in March. The vegetation growth began in April. The flower bud differentiation completed in May, and burst again at the end of May partly, followed by the summer flowering in June. The summer flowering period lasted for nearly 20 days. The developmental lag period of unexpanded flower buds was from July to September. In addition, a small amount of lateral buds at the base of flowers bloomed in summer were differentiated into flower buds. From October to December, as the leaves fallen off, the tree entered the dormant period gradually. (2)The flower buds of M.soulangeana ‘Changchun’ that differentiated after vegetative growth had ability to flowering twice in spring and summer. The spring flowering was characterized by anthesis posterior leaf, and the rate of flowering synchronization was high. The flowering rate of spring flowering was about 100%. Furthermore, the flowers were fertile with normal pistils and stamens. The summer flowering had the characteristic of flowering and leafing at the same time, but flowering synchronism was lower. The flowering rate of summer flowering was about 30%. Expressly, the flowers were sterile with abnormal pistils and stamens. (3)Soluble sugar and soluble protein were shown with a trend of descending among spring flowering, while starch content was decreased at the late flowering stage. And the contents of soluble sugar and starch were shown with a trend of first descending then rising, while the soluble protein content continued to decline during the summer flowering. Therefore, there were some differences in the spring and summer flowering pattern of M.soulangeana ‘Changchun’, which was related to changes of nutrients content. It was suggested that low levels of soluble sugar and high levels of starch and soluble protein were beneficial to the initiation of spring flowering, while low levels of soluble protein and high levels of soluble sugar and starch were contributed to the realization of summer flowering.

Key words: Magnolia soulangeana ‘Changchun’, phenological rhythm, nutritional effect, flowering pattern

CLC Number:

Q945.6

JIANG Zheng, SUN Li-Yong, LIU Xu, LIU Chen-Ni, YIN Zeng-Fang. Nutritional Effect and Rhythm of Spring and Summer Flowering in Magnolia soulangeana‘Changchun’[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(2): 192-199.

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