Abstract: We conducted a field of investigation,out crossing index,pollen-ovule ratio,emasculation,bagging and artificial pollination studied the inflorescence development,flowering character,pollination,pollen viability,stigma receptivity,breeding System of Cistanche deserticola Ma in natural populations.The results show: the inflorescence of Cistanche deserticola Ma are indefinite spike,we can divide the growth stage of inflorescence into break through the soil,come up out of the land,efflorescence and frutescence and seed of maturity stage. It is hermaphrodite flower,flowering lasted 2 to 3 days. The flowering span of inflorescence is 25-30 days. The flowering span among populations is 36-38 days. When flower is blooming,the stigma is a little higher than the anther,the stigma is bigger and prolapsed. The result of experiment of gravity and sheet glass showed,the out crossing of windpollination in this species could be ignored. The main flower visitors are bees,flies and beetles. SEM examinations of insect body showed great quantity of pollen grain were carried by bees. The visitors usually visit the hetero flower in the same inflorescence. The flying range of flower visitors are zero frequently. Out crossing index is 3,pollen-ovule ratio(p/o) is 35.45±8.56. Based on the results of emasculation,bagging and artificial pollination studies,Cistanche deserticola Ma takes selfing as the main breeding system.

Key words: Cistanche deserticola Ma, flowering character, breeding system, out crossing index, pollen-ovule ratio