辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)幼苗对土壤干旱的生理生态适应性研究

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.03.016

植物研究 ›› 2005, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 311-316.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2005.03.016

辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)幼苗对土壤干旱的生理生态适应性研究

王海珍^1,2, 梁宗锁¹, 韩蕊莲¹, 韩路²

1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所西北农林科技大学生命学院, 杨凌 712100;
2. 塔里木大学植物科技学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300

收稿日期:2004-08-20 出版日期:2005-09-15 发布日期:2016-06-14
通讯作者: 梁宗锁 E-mail:Liangzs819@163.net
作者简介:王海珍(1971-),女,汉族,硕士,讲师,主要研究植物水分生理生态研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(90302005);中国科学院西部之光人才基金项目;知识创新项目(KZCX01-6)

Study on adaptability of physiological ecology of Quercus liaotungensis seedlings under soil drought

WANG Hai-Zhen^1,2, LIANG Zong-Suo¹, HAN Rui-Lian¹, HAN Lu²

1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Science and Ministry of Water Resources, College of Life Science of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100;
2. Institute of Plants Science and Technology of Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300

Received:2004-08-20 Online:2005-09-15 Published:2016-06-14

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 用盆栽方法人工模拟土壤干旱条件,研究辽东栎天然萌生幼苗对土壤干旱的生理生态反应。结果表明:随土壤含水量的减少,辽东栎幼苗的耗水量明显下降,耗水高峰期提前,在重度干旱下耗水峰形由单峰变为双峰。在干旱胁迫前期辽东栎叶水势变化较平缓,后期则急剧下降,尤其在严重干旱下,水势变化趋势呈"M"形,叶片含水量较稳定,对土壤水分含量变化不敏感。在中度干旱下辽东栎叶片的持水力有所增加。辽东栎属低蒸腾速率树种,平均仅为2.98μg cm^-2·s^-1。不同生长季节蒸腾速率日进程不同, 8月份的蒸腾速率日进程在适宜水分下是双峰曲线,在中度干旱下是单峰曲线,重度干旱下蒸腾速率一直维持在较低水平,呈波状起伏;9月份的蒸腾速率下降近50%,仍有明显的单峰(适宜水分下)和双峰(中度干旱下)。对蒸腾速率与环境因子的简单相关分析表明:在适宜水分和中度干旱下,光照强度对辽东栎幼苗蒸腾速率影响最大,在重度干旱下,大气温度对辽东栎的蒸腾速率影响较大。随土壤含水量减少,辽东栎幼苗的蒸腾速率在中度干旱时上升,重度干旱时急剧下降,光合速率、瞬时水分利用效率、羧化效率均下降;地上部生长受抑,根冠比加大, WUE₁下降,而WUE₂在中度干旱下升高,在重度干旱下下降。其幼苗不耐高温强光,高温强光对其光合和蒸腾有抑制作用,特别是在土壤严重干旱下表现更明显。

关键词: 辽东栎, 土壤干旱, 生理生态, 适应性

Abstract: Using Quercus liaotungensis as experiment material and pot culture experiments simulating different soil drought, its physiological ecology response under soil drought were studied. The results showed that its consumption water was obvious descended and ahead of peak of consumption water with soil water decreasing. Peak feature of consumption water changed from single to double under severe soil drought. Its leaf potential changed slowly early stress and descended rapidly later. Especially, model of leaf potential was "M" under severe stress. Leaf water content wasn't sensible to soil water content. Water holding ability had slightly increased under media drought. It was a low transpiration tree and average transpiration rate 2.98 μg·cm^-2·s^-1.Diurnal change of transpiration rate was different in different season. Diurnal change of transpiration rate was double peak curve under normal water and single peak curve under media drought and maintained low level or up and down change under severe drought in August. Transpiration rate decreased 50% in September and had obvious single and double peak. Simple correlation of transpiration rate and environmental factors was analyzed to show that photosynthetic radiation had significant effected on transpiration rate under normal and media drought and air temperature had obvious effected on transpiration rate under severe drought. Transpiration rate ascended under media drought and rapidly descended under severe drought and photosynthesis rate, WUE, carboxylation efficiency decreased with soil water decreasing. Root/Shoot increased and growth of shoot andWUE₁ decreased. WUE₂ ascended under media drought and descended under severe drought. Its seeding had weak resistance to high temperature and intensive radiation which decreased photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate and physiological activity had significant decreased under severe drought especially.

Key words: Quercus liaotungensis, soil drought, physiology and ecology, adaptability

王海珍, 梁宗锁, 韩蕊莲, 韩路. 辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)幼苗对土壤干旱的生理生态适应性研究[J]. 植物研究, 2005, 25(3): 311-316.

WANG Hai-Zhen, LIANG Zong-Suo, HAN Rui-Lian, HAN Lu. Study on adaptability of physiological ecology of Quercus liaotungensis seedlings under soil drought[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2005, 25(3): 311-316.

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辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)幼苗对土壤干旱的生理生态适应性研究

Study on adaptability of physiological ecology of Quercus liaotungensis seedlings under soil drought

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