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植物研究 ›› 2012, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 331-338.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2012.03.014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工林和农田对东北地区土壤碳、氮含量及相关指标垂直分布的影响

安静;王文杰*;王洪岩;苏冬雪;邱岭;祖元刚   

  1. 东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨 150040
  • 收稿日期:1900-01-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2012-05-20 发布日期:2012-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 王文杰
  • 基金资助:
     

Effect of Forest and Farm on Vertical Patterns of Soil Carbon,Nitrogen and Other Parameters in Northeast China

AN Jing;WANG Wen-Jie*;WANG Hong-Yan;SU Dong-Xue;QU Ling;ZU Yuan-Gang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology of Northeast Forestry University,Ministry of Education,Harbin 150040
  • Received:1900-01-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2012-05-20 Published:2012-05-20
  • Contact: WANG Wen-Jie
  • Supported by:
     

摘要: 以兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)人工林及其附近农田为研究对象,选取8组配对样地不同土层进行相关指标测定。结果发现:多数样地(8组中的7组)0~20 cm土层有机碳含量林地高于农田37%,但深层(20~80 cm)农田高于林地8%~58%;土壤无机碳中所有样地平均显示林地高于农田(林地:1.33 mg·kg-1;农田:1.17 mg·kg-1);表层(0~20 cm)林地土壤全氮和碱解氮多高于农田,平均高出20%和34%,而深层土壤中(20~80 cm)多表现为相反趋势,这使得0~80 cm土层平均林地(6%)<农田(4%)。0~20 cm土层多为林地pH值>农田,林地电导率、容重<农田,而深层多(4~5组样地)多表现为相反趋势,0~80 cm土壤平均显示pH值差异不大,农田电导率>林地约2.22 μs·cm-1,而容重差异仅0.02 g·cm-3(1%)。上述结果说明,土地利用对表层和深层影响差异明显,甚至趋势相反,农田和林地土壤碳及相关理化指标发生了明显垂直分布特征变化。过分强调土壤表层而得出的农田使SOC大量减少、土壤肥力下降的结论,在考虑深层土壤后能够明显降低上述数据的大小。这一发现说明需要同时考虑表层和深层土壤碳和氮等指标变化,以得出更科学的结论。

关键词: 落叶松人工林, 农田, 土壤碳含量, 土壤氮含量, 理化性质

Abstract: Based on 8 paired plots in larch (Larix gmelinii) plantations and adjacent farmlands in northeast China, the aim of the present study is to find the relations of different soil layers vertical patterns to land uses. Seven out of the 8 paired samples showed higher SOC contents in surface (0-20 cm) soil of larch plantations than those in farmlands, and the mean value of the pooled data showed larch plantation was 37% higher. However, deeper soil layers showed a contrasting 8%-58% higher SOC contents in farmland. In different samples of SIC, higher SIC contents were observed in forest comparing with farmland in total 0-80 cm soil profile (forest: 1.33 mg·kg-1; farmland: 1.17 mg·kg-1 ). In most cases, surface (0-20 cm) soil layer of larch plantations showed higher soil N and alkaline-N content than those in farmland and the average increments of the 8 plots were respectively 20% and 34%. However, deeper layers (20-80 cm) usually showed contrasting tendencies. Higher soil N (6%) and alkaline N (4%) contents in farmland than those in forest land were found. Generally, 0-20 cm soil of forest had a higher pH, but lower EC and bulk density than those of farmland. In deep layers (20-80 cm), 4-5 of the 8 plots showed contrary patterns. Pooled data showed no obvious difference between these two land uses in pH, EC in farmlands was 2.2 μs·cm-1 higher than forests, and bulk density showed a difference as small as 0.02 g·cm-3(1%). These findings clearly manifested that the vertical pattern in soil C, N and other physic-chemical parameters is robustly evident, and land use impacts on surface soil may be totally different, and even contrary from those in deep layers. Without deep layer inclusion, some conclusions of SOC depletion and degradation of soil fertility by farmland reclamation may overestimate the changes and we should consider the changes both at surface and deep soils in future studies for a non-bias and scientific evaluation.

Key words: larch plantation, farmland, soil carbon content, soil nitrogen content, physicalchemical property

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