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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 547-556.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.04.010

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

西藏地区13种虾脊兰植物花部表型及花粉形态特征研究

李洪池1,2,3,4, 吴天彧5, 弓莉5, 罗建1,2,3()   

  1. 1.西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,林芝 860000
    2.西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,林芝 860000
    3.西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,林芝 860000
    4.西藏农牧学院食品科学学院,林芝 860000
    5.西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,林芝 860000
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-10 出版日期:2021-07-20 发布日期:2021-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 罗建 E-mail:luojian@xza.edu.cn;luojian-sh@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:李洪池(1994—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事高原植物结构与发育研究。
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0502);国家自然科学基金(31560054)

Floral Phenotypes and Pollen Morphological Characteristics of 13 Species from Calanthe in Tibet

Hong-Chi LI1,2,3,4, Tian-Yu WU5, Li GONG5, Jian LUO1,2,3()   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi,Nyingchi 860000
    2.Tibet Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area,Ministry of Education,Nyingchi 860000
    3.National Key Station of Field Scientific Observation & Experiment,Nyingchi 860000
    4.Food Science College,Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000
    5.Resources and Environment College,Tibet Agriculture & Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000
  • Received:2020-05-10 Online:2021-07-20 Published:2021-03-24
  • Contact: Jian LUO E-mail:luojian@xza.edu.cn;luojian-sh@sohu.com
  • About author:LI Hong-Chi(1994—),male,postgraduate students,engaged in plant.
  • Supported by:
    Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP) program(2019QZKK0502);Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31560054)

摘要:

该研究对西藏地区13种虾脊兰植物花部表型及花粉形态特征进行观察比较,目的为虾脊兰植物的分类鉴定和种间亲缘关系的确定提供新依据。研究结果显示:①13种虾脊兰在花颜色大致可分为黄色、黄绿色、黄褐色、粉红色4种,以粉红色的花居多;②13种虾脊兰均为总状花序,花各部位(萼片、花瓣、唇瓣、子房、柱头)的长、宽度测量指标均表现出不同程度的差异,萼片长、花瓣宽、唇瓣宽和柱头长4个测量指标的差异性最大,在各个种之间的P值结果表现出显著性差异水平;③这13种虾脊兰的花粉块均由成千上万个单粒花粉组成,未见到萌发孔结构,有些虾脊兰植物的花粉粒之间可以看到有明显黏结物质。花粉块大小不一,整体形状多呈卵圆形、长椭圆形和梨形;④不同种的虾脊兰花粉块表面形态特征有所差异,花粉粒纵向或横向排列堆积在一起,花粉粒形状也各不相同;⑤不同种虾脊兰的花粉粒表面纹饰特征区别明显,可划分为凹陷型、光滑型、小孔型和穿孔型。以上结果表明花部表型及花粉形态特征可作为13种虾脊兰植物分类鉴定的参考性状,对这13种虾脊兰植物亲缘关系的确定和系统分类有补充价值。

关键词: 西藏地区, 虾脊兰植物, 花部表型, 花粉形态

Abstract:

To explore the classification and identification and interspecific relationship of Calanthe, the floral phenotypes and pollen morphological characteristics of 13 species of Calanthe in Tibet were studied. The results showed that: ①the floral color was divided into yellow, yellow-green, yellow-brown and pink, with pink flowers in the majority; ②the inflorescence was raceme, and length and width of various parts of the flower(sepal, petal, labellum, ovary, stigma) showed the difference. The difference of sepal length, petal width, labellum width, and stigma length was the largest, and the P value showed significant differences among various species; ③the pollen masses of these 13 Calanthe species were composed of thousands of single grains, which has no germination hole found, the obvious sticky substance between pollen grains of some species was found. The different size pollen blocks vary shaped mostly oval, oblong, and pear; ④the surface morphological characteristics of pollen blocks in different species were different, the pollen grains were stacked vertically or horizontally, and the shape of the pollen grains were also different; ⑤the appearance differences of pollen grains of different species were obvious, divided into concave type, smooth type, small hole type and perforated type. The results above showed that the flower phenotype and pollen morphological characteristics refer for identification of 13 species of Prairie Calanthe, and played the supplementary role in determining their phylogeny and systematic classification.

Key words: Tibet, Calanthe, floral phenotype, pollen morphology

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