不同光质对桑树幼苗生长和光合特性的影响

doi:10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2019.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 光质可影响植物光合特性、形态以及生理过程。本试验研究了不同光质（白光W、红光R、红蓝混合光RB、蓝光B）对桑树植株生长、形态和光合作用的影响。结果表明：与白光对照相比，红光、蓝光和红蓝混合光处理下植株的生长、干物质积累受到抑制；红光处理下植株的株高、叶面积显著高于白光、红蓝混合光、蓝光处理；而白光、红蓝混合光、蓝光处理下植株的LMA、叶绿素a/b比值、可溶性蛋白含量、蔗糖、淀粉含量和叶片总N含量显著高于红光处理；红蓝混合光处理下植株的P_n、G_s、ΦPSⅡ与白光处理相近，红光、蓝光处理下植株的P_n、ΦPSⅡ低于白光、红蓝混合光处理，同时红光、红蓝混合光、蓝光处理下植株的抗氧化酶活性高于白光处理，而MDA含量低于白光处理；红光处理下植株的叶片厚度、栅栏组织和海绵组织厚度显著小于白光处理。因此，一定比例的红蓝混合光可以使桑树植株的生长、光合特性、生理特征和叶片解剖结构与白光下生长植株相近，并减少单质红光、单质蓝光对植株生长发育的不利影响。

关键词: 桑树, 光质, 生长, 光合特性, 叶片解剖结构

Abstract: Light quality can influence the photosynthetic characteristics, morphology and physiological processes of seedlings. We studied the effects of different light qualities(white light, W; red light, R; blue light, B; a mixture of red and blue light, RB) using light emitting diodes(LEDs) on growth, morphology and photosynthesis of mulberry(Morus alba L. cv. Longsang No. 1) seedlings. The results showed that compared with seedlings grown under W, the dry matter accumulation of seedlings grown under R, B and RB was inhibited. The stem length and leaf area of seedlings grown under R were significantly larger than that of seedlings grown under W, RB and B. However, the leaf mass per area(LMA), chlorophyll a/b ratio, soluble protein content, sucrose and starch content, and total leaf nitrogen(N) content of seedlings grown under W, RB and B were significantly higher than that of seedlings grown under R. The net photosynthetic rate(P_n), stomatal conductance(G_s), and the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(ΦPSⅡ) of seedlings grown under RB treatment were similar to that of seedlings grown under W treatment, and the P_n and ΦPSⅡ of seedlings grown under R and B were lower than those of seedlings grown under W and RB. Antioxidant enzyme activity of seedlings grown under R, RB and B was higher than that of seedlings grown under W, yet the malondialdehyde(MDA) content of seedlings grown under R, RB and B was lower than that of seedlings grown under W. The number of leaf stomata on mulberry leaves grown under B was greater than all other treatments, and R-grown seedlings had the fewest stomata. Light quality also changed the leaf anatomical structure of mulberry seedlings. The leaf thickness, palisade tissue length and spongy tissue length of seedlings grown under R treatment significantly decreased. Hence, this study indicates that a certain ratio of mixed red and blue LEDs light could change the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, physiological characteristics, and leaf anatomy of mulberry seedlins, just like those of W-grown seedlings. Additionally, the mixed red and blue LEDs light reduced the adverse effects of monochromatic red and blue LEDs light on plant growth and development.

Key words: mulberry, light quality, growth, photosynthetic characteristics, leaf anatomical structure

中图分类号:

S572.01

胡举伟, 代欣, 宋涛, 孙广玉. 不同光质对桑树幼苗生长和光合特性的影响[J]. 植物研究, 2019, 39(4): 481-489.

HU Ju-Wei, DAI Xin, SONG Tao, SUN Guang-Yu. Effects of Different Light Qualities on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Mulberry Seedlings[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2019, 39(4): 481-489.

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