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植物研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 289-298.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2022.02.014

• 生理与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同激素处理对白桦幼树萌条及三萜合成的影响

张玉琦1, 苏欣1, 尤志强1, 富金博1, 詹亚光1,2, 尹静1,2()   

  1. 1.东北林业大学东北盐碱地植被恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨 150040
    2.东北林业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨 150040
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-11 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-02-22
  • 通讯作者: 尹静 E-mail:yinjing20135@163.com
  • 作者简介:张玉琦(1994—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为植物次生代谢调控。
  • 基金资助:
    东北林业大学大学生创新项目(201710225190);国家自然科学基金(31570589);中央高校基本科研业务费(2572020DY22)

Yuqi Zhang1, Xin Su1, Zhiqiang You1, Jinbo Fu1, Yaguang Zhan1,2, Jing Yin1,2()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration,Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040
    2.College of Life Sciences,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040
  • Received:2021-03-11 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-02-22
  • Contact: Jing Yin E-mail:yinjing20135@163.com
  • About author:Zhang Yuqi(1994—),male,postgraduate,research direction for plant secondary metabolism regulation.
  • Supported by:
    Innovation project for college students in Northeast Forestry University(201710225190);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31570589);Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(2572020DY22)

摘要:

探索一种可持续、稳定的获得白桦(Betula platyphylla Suk.)枝条的方法,拟通过促萌处理建立多枝条类型白桦材料。以一年生白桦幼苗为试材,采用3个截干高度:10、20、30 cm处理后,每个截干高度使用4种激素或化学药剂处理(20 mg·L-1 2,4-D、20 mg·L-1 KT、20 mg·L-1 6-BA和20 mg·L-1 KMnO4)进行促发萌条试验。结果表明,白桦幼苗初次截干(30 d后)采条,截干高度10 cm进行激素KT、6-BA处理的白桦苗萌芽率最高,达65.0%以上;锯末保湿处理下3种截干高度萌条率、萌条产量均较高,萌条率达75.0%以上。枝条中总三萜含量以截干高度20 cm处理下最高,达76.43 mg·g-1,其次为截干高度10 cm处理下,其他处理均不利于总三萜积累。叶中总三萜含量以截干高度30 cm下激素6-BA处理最高,达91.16 mg·g-1,是锯末处理(30 cm)的2.68倍。在锯末处理、KT和KMnO4处理下的枝条和叶片中总三萜含量显著低于其他处理。6-BA对枝条、叶片中齐墩果酸的积累有利,其他处理均不利于齐墩果酸积累。锯末处理有利于二次萌条及产量的提高,截干高度为10 cm处理下萌条产量达126.96 g。枝条总三萜含量以截干高度20 cm进行激素6-BA处理效果较好,达97.99 mg·g-1。叶中总三萜含量以截干高度30 cm进行激素KT处理最佳,达99.22 mg·g-1,其次为锯末处理组和6-BA处理组。该研究结果为可持续、高效的利用白桦资源及获得三萜产物提供了技术支持。

关键词: 白桦, 促萌, 次生代谢, 三萜, 激素

Abstract:

To explore a sustainable and stable way to obtain birch branches, a multi branch birch by promoting germination was established. One year old birch seedlings were used as experimental materials, and three cutting heights(10, 20 and 30 cm)and four hormone or chemical agents (20 mg·L-1 2,4-D, 20 mg·L-1 KT, 20 mg·L-1 6-BA and 20 mg·L-1 KMnO4) were used to promote the sprouting of birch seedlings. The results showed that the germination rate of birch seedlings was the highest, which reached 65.0% after the first cutting(30 d) and the cutting height was 10 cm. Under the treatment of sawdust moisture, the sprouting rate and sprouting yield of the three cutting heights were higher, the sprouting rate was more than 75.0%, and the yield was more than 77.0 g per plant. The content of total triterpenoids in the branches was the highest at 20 cm cutting height(76.43 mg·g-1), followed by 10 cm cutting height. Other treatments were not conducive to the accumulation of total triterpenoids. The content of total triterpenoids in leaves was the highest under the treatment of 6-BA (91.16 mg·g-1), which was more than 2.68 times of sawdust treatment(30 cm). The content of total triterpenoids in the branches and leaves of sawdust, KT and KMnO4 treatments was significantly lower than that of other treatments. 6-BA was beneficial to the accumulation of oleanolic acid in branches and leaves, while other treatments were not conducive to the accumulation of oleanolic acid. Sawdust treatment was beneficial to the secondary sprouting and yield improvement. The sprouting yield of the treatment with 10 cm cutting height reached 126.96 g per plant. The total triterpenoids content in the branches was 97.99 mg·g-1 when treated with 6-BA at the cutting height of 30 cm. The content of total triterpenoids in leaves was option when the cutting height was 20 cm, reaching 99.22 mg·g-1, followed by sawdust treatment group. The results provid technical support for sustainable and efficient utilization of birch resources and obtaining triterpenoids.

Key words: Betula platyphylla Suk., germination promotion, secondary metabolism, triterpenoids, hormone

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