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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 675-683.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.005

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

龙胆个体发育早期器官发育形态学研究

王文颖1, 王秋红1, 刘鸣远2, 孙阎1()   

  1. 1.黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨 150080
    2.哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,哈尔滨 150025
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-20 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 孙阎 E-mail:sy81518@sohu.com
  • 作者简介:王文颖(2001—),女,本科生,主要从事结构植物学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(31200146);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费项目(2020-KYYWF-1029);国家中医药管理局全国中药资源普查项目(GZY-KJS-2018-004)

Morphology of Organ Development in Early Ontogeny of Gentiana scabra Bunge

Wen-Ying WANG1, Qiu-Hong WANG1, Ming-Yuan LIU2, Yan SUN1()   

  1. 1.College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang Unversity,Harbin 150080
    2.College of Life Science and Technology,Harbin Normal University,Harbin 150025
  • Received:2021-03-20 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-07-05
  • Contact: Yan SUN E-mail:sy81518@sohu.com
  • About author:WANG Wen-Ying(2001—),female,undergraduate,mainly engaged in the study of structural botany.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(31200146);Fundamental scientific research business expenses of provincial colleges and universities in Heilongjiang Province(2020-KYYWF-1029);National traditional Chinese medicine resources census project of state administration of traditional Chinese medicine(GZY-KJS-2018-004)

摘要:

为进一步了解被子植物个体发育早期形态与结构的多样性,研究了龙胆合子至种苗阶段的发育过程及特征。结果表明:龙胆的胚发育属于茄型,胚乳发育为核型,蒴果开裂时散落出来的种子内的胚分化不完全,大部分处于心形胚或鱼雷胚阶段。种子萌发时胚根依靠下胚轴细胞伸长突破种皮,在下胚轴和胚根交界处形成根环,随后根环上发育出根环毛,毛的生长在早期快于胚根,随着胚根的发育,正常根毛在其先端逐渐出现。子叶状态的种苗至少停滞约10 d才见真叶发育,但在地上停滞发育的同时,地下的胚根却继续生长。这些器官发育顺序上的特点既反映祖先的水生孑遗原始性状,又反映了其对现存偏旱生境的适应性状,是次生陆生的进一步演化。

关键词: 龙胆, 胚胎发育, 个体发育, 种苗, 生态演化

Abstract:

To further understand the morphological and structural diversity in early ontogeny of angiosperms, the developmental process and characteristics from zygote to seedling stage were studied. The results showed that the embryo development of G. scabra belonged to Solanad type, endosperm development was nuclear type, the differentiation of seed embryo was incomplete when seeds scattered from the capsule, and most seeds developed to the stage of heart-shaped embryos or torpedo embryos. When the seed germinated, the radicle relied on the elongation of the hypocotyl cells to break through the seed coat, forming a root ring at the junction of the hypocotyl and the radicle, and then the root ring hair developed on the root ring. The hair extension grew faster than the radicle at the initial stage. In the development of the radicle, normal root hairs gradually appeared at the tip. The seedlings in the cotyledon state were stagnated for at least 10 days before true leaf development was seen, but while the growth was stagnant on the ground, the underground radicle continued to grow. The characteristics of these organ development sequences reflected the original aquatic relict of the ancestors, and adapted to more arid habitats, which was the further evolution of the secondary terrestrial species.

Key words: Gentiana scabra, embryonic development, ontogeny, seedling, ecological evolution

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