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植物研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 666-674.doi: 10.7525/j.issn.1673-5102.2021.05.004

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

海拔对暗紫贝母物候及形态特征的影响

徐波1,2, 石福孙1(), 王丽华2, 杨子松2   

  1. 1.中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室,中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都 610041
    2.阿坝师范学院资源与环境学院,阿坝 623002
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-20 出版日期:2021-09-20 发布日期:2021-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 石福孙 E-mail:shifs@cib.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:徐波(1988—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事植物生态学研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划资助(2018JY0305);中国科学院山地生态恢复与生物资源利用重点实验室,生态恢复与生物多样性保育四川省重点实验室开放课题(kxysws2005)

Effects of Altitude on Phenology and Morphological Characteristics of Fritillaria unibracteata

Bo XU1,2, Fu-Sun SHI1(), Li-Hua WANG2, Zi-Song YANG2   

  1. 1.CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041
    2.College of Resources and Environment,Aba Teachers University,Aba 623002
  • Received:2021-03-20 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-07-05
  • Contact: Fu-Sun SHI E-mail:shifs@cib.ac.cn
  • About author:XU Bo(1988—),male,doctor,associate professor,engaged in plant ecology research.
  • Supported by:
    Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2018JY0305);Opening Foundation of CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity of Conservation Key Laboratory Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(kxysws2005)

摘要:

为探究暗紫贝母(Fritillaria unibracteata)在不同海拔的人工种植成效,拓展产业发展空间,减缓产量与市场需求间的矛盾,在5个海拔(1 174、1 784、2 371、3 076和3 413 m)开展了野外盆栽试验。结果表明:经过一个生长季后,“一匹叶”阶段暗紫贝母萌芽期和展叶期随海拔降低显著提前(P<0.05);枯萎期随海拔降低显著提前(P<0.05),但高海拔地区(3 076和3 413 m)枯萎期差异不显著(P>0.05);生长季长度随海拔降低表现出先增加后减少的特征,在3 076 m最长,为(114.83±3.59)天。暗紫贝母株高和单叶面积随海拔降低表现出先增加后减小的特征,均在海拔2 371 m最大,分别为(11.00±0.70) cm和(7.71±0.87) cm2;鳞茎横轴长和纵轴长随海拔降低表现出先增加后减小的特征,均在海拔3076 m最大,分别为(10.63±0.87) mm和(12.11±0.72) mm。本研究表明,从暗紫贝母生长季长度和鳞茎大小的角度考虑,可以选择在2 371~3 076 m的范围开展低海拔人工种植。

关键词: 海拔, 人工种植, 物候, 形态特征, 药用植物

Abstract:

In order to explore the planting of Fritillaria unibracteata at different altitudes, to expand its industrial development space and slow down the contradiction between its output and market demand, and pot experiments were carried out at 5 altitudes(i.e., 1174m, 1784 m, 2371 m, 3076 m, and 3413 m above the sea level respectively). The results indicated that both germination and leaf spreading stages of F. unibracteata significantly advanced with the decreased altitude(P<0.05). The withering stages significantly advanced with the decreased altitude(P<0.05), but they were not significantly different(P>0.05) between high altitudes (i.e., 3 076 and 3 413 m). The length of growing season increased first and then decreased with the decreased altitude, and the longest growing season was(114.83±3.59) days at 3 076 m. Both the plant height and single leaf area increased first and then decreased with the decreased altitude, and the maximum values were(11.00±0.70) cm and (7.71±0.87) cm2 at 2371 m. The lengths of bulb transverse axis and longitudinal axis increased first and then decreased with the decreased altitude, and the maximum values were(10.63±0.87) mm and (12.11±0.72) mmat 3 076 m. The results showed that, considering the length of growing season and bulb size of F. unibracteata, low altitude cultivation could be carried out in the range of 2 371-3 076 m.

Key words: altitude, artificial planting, phenology, morphological characteristics, medicinal plant

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